Systematic mineralogy
Course information
Title of the course:
Systematic mineralogy
Responsible for teaching:
Other teachers:
Type of the course:
Specialization course
Description
Prerequisites:
Mineralogy, Parallel execution of the practice exam is a prerequisite
The brief description of the lecture:
The structure of crystals.
The crystal lattice and the chemical bond: structures determined by metallic bonds; structures determined by covalent bonds; the structure of molecular lattices; structures determined by ionic bonds (Pauling’s Rules).
Polymorphic, isomorphic structures.
The criteria for the classification of crystals. Mineral formula, graphic chart methods.
The growth of crystals.
The stability of crystals, nucleation, crystal growth and errors in the crystal lattice.
Post-crystallisation processes: recrystallisation, pseudomorphism, radioactivity and the minerals.
Introduction into x-ray crystallography.
The characteristics of the x-ray.
X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement.
The evaluation of the powder diffraction diagrams.
The chemical analysis of the minerals.
Analytical methods: wet chemical explorations, electromicroscopic analysis, neuron activation analysis (INAA and RNAA), x-ray fluorescence (XRF), mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS).
The interpretation of the chemical analyses: main elements and trace elements.
Calculating mineral formulas based on chemical analysis data.
Systematic mineralogy
- silicates
- the structure and the classification of silicates
- mafic vs. felsic
- tectosilicates: SiO2-groups, feldspars, feldspathide, zeolite-groups
- phylosilicates: structure, classification
- TO-structures (1:1), TOT-structures (2:1), TOT+c structures: micas (2:1); TOT+O structures,
- other phylosilicates
- clay minerals
- inosilicates
- pyroxene-group: structure, classification.
- proxenoid-group
- Ambfibole-group: structure, classification.
- biopyriboles,
- sorosilicates and ring silicates: structure, classification.
- nesosilicates: structure, classification.
- geology of silicates
- phosphates, arsenates, vanadates : structure, classification, genetics.
- sulphates, cromates, molibdates, wolframates: structure, classification, genetics.
- carbonates, borates, nitrates: structure, classification, genetics
- halogenides (chlorides, bromides, fluorides, iodides ): structure, classification, genetics
- oxides, hydroxides: structure, classification, genetics
- sulphides and related compounds: structure, classification, genetics
- native element minerals: structure, classification, genetics
Practical Course:
- crystallographic practices
- crystal systems and crystal classes
- evaluating unknown power diffraction diagrams (XRD)
- mineralogical practices
- from mineral chemistry to chemical formula
- the graphical representation of mineral formulas
- mixed crystals
- the physical characteristics of the minerals
- the research method of the “hand specimen mineralogy“
- systematic mineralogy
- rock-forming silicates and their physical characteristics
- the physical characteristics of oxides, hydroxides and halides
- the physical characteristics of carbonates, sulphates, phosphates
- the physical characteristics of sulphides and native element minerals
- The minerals of the Carpathian Zone
Recommended reading:
- Bloss, F. D. (1971): Crystallography and Crystal Chemistry. Holt, Rinehart, Winston, New York.
- Bognár, L. (1987): Ásványhatározó. Gondolat, Budapest.
- Berry, L. G., Mason, B., Dietrich, R. V. (1983): Mineralogy. Kingsport Press, Tennessee.
- Bleckburn, W. H., Dennen, W. H. (1988): Principles of Mineralogy.Wm. C. Brown Publishers, Dubuque, Iowa.
- Duda, R., Rejl, L., Slivka, D. (1992): Mineralien. Natur Buch Verlag, Augsburg.
- Egerer, F. (1992): Ásványtan. Miskolci Egyetemi Kiadó, Miskolc.
- Frye, K. (1993): Mineral Science. Macmillan Publishing Company, New York.
- Koch, S., Sztrókay, K. (1986): Ásványtan I-II. Tankönyvkiadó, Budapest.
- Kubovics, I. (1993): Kőzetmikroszkópia. Tankönyvkiadó, Budapest.
- Mackenzie, W.S. & Guilford, C. (1980): Atlas of rock-forming minerals in thin section. Longman Group, London.
- Mackenzie, W.S., Donaldson, C.H. & Guilford, C. (1982): Atlas of igneous rocks and their textures. Longman Group Ltd., London.
- Nesse, W. D. (2000): Introduction to mineralogy. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
- Papp, G. (2002): A magyar topografikus és leíró ásványtan története. Topographia Mineralogica Hungariae, Miskolc.
- Papp, G. (2002): A Kárpát-övezetben felfedezett ásványok, kőzetek és fosszilis gyanták története. Studia Naturalia, Budapest.
- Pápay, L. (1998): Kristályok, ásványok, kőzetek. JATEPress, Szeged.
- Pauling, L. (1960): The Nature of the Chemical Bond. 3rd ed. Cornell Universty Press, Ithaca, New York.
- Pellant, C. (1993): Kőzetek és ásványok. Dorling Kindersley Ltd., London.
- Perkins, D. (1998): Mineralogy. Prentice-Hall, London.
- Putnis, A. (1992): Introduction to Mineral Science. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
- Rollinson, H. (1998): Using Geochemical Data: Evaluation, Presentation, Interpretation. Longman, UK.
- Sztrókay, K., Grasselly, Gy., Nemecz, E., Kiss, J. (1971): Ásványtani praktikum. Tankönyvkiadó, Budapest.
